Cancers are often described by the organ they originated from. However, some body parts contain multiple types of tissue. So for greater precision, cancers are additionally classified by the type of cell that the tumour cells originated from. These types include:-
#Carcinoma:
1) This refers to malignant neoplasm that begins in the epithelium (skin) or in tissues that line internal organs.
2) Carcinomas are divided into two major subtypes.
3) Adenocarcinomas generally occur in mucus membrane of an organ or gland.
4) Squamous cell carcinoma originates in the squamous epithelium.
5) examples are skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancers, Basal cell carcinomas, Melanoma.
#Sarcoma:
1) This refers to Cancer that originates in supportive and mesenchymal tissues such as bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective tissues. Examples: Osteosarcoma or osteogenic sarcoma (bone)
2) Chondrosarcoma (cartilage)
3) Leiomyosarcoma (smooth muscle)
4) Rhabdomyosarcoma (skeletal muscle)
5) Mesothelial sarcoma or mesothelioma (membranous lining of body cavities)
6) Fibrosarcoma (fibrous tissue)
7) Angiosarcoma or hemangioendothelioma (blood vessels)
8) Liposarcoma (adipose tissue)
9) Glioma or astrocytoma (neurogenic connective tissue found in the brain)
10) Myxosarcoma (primitive embryonic connective tissue)
11) Mixed mesodermal tumour (mixed connective tissue types
#Leukaemia:
1) Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
2) The disease is often associated with the overproduction of immature white blood cells. These immature white blood cells do not perform as well as they should, therefore the patient is often prone to infection. Leukaemia also affects red blood cells and can cause poor blood clotting and fatigue due to anaemia. Examples of leukaemia include:
3) Myelogenous or granulocytic leukaemia (malignancy of the myeloid and granulocytic white blood cell series)
4) Lymphatic, lymphocytic, or lymphoblastic leukaemia (malignancy of the lymphoid and lymphocytic blood cell series)
Polycythemia vera (malignancy of various blood cell products, but with red cells predominating)
2) The disease is often associated with the overproduction of immature white blood cells. These immature white blood cells do not perform as well as they should, therefore the patient is often prone to infection. Leukaemia also affects red blood cells and can cause poor blood clotting and fatigue due to anaemia. Examples of leukaemia include:
3) Myelogenous or granulocytic leukaemia (malignancy of the myeloid and granulocytic white blood cell series)
4) Lymphatic, lymphocytic, or lymphoblastic leukaemia (malignancy of the lymphoid and lymphocytic blood cell series)
Polycythemia vera (malignancy of various blood cell products, but with red cells predominating)
#Lymphoma and myeloma:
